The invention provides a dry distillation circulating fluidized bed boiler. The dry distillation circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a hearth, a boiler body and a separator; a dry distillationcylinder is arranged between the separator and the hearth; returning ash of the separator enters the dry distillation cylinder to be mixed with lignite and to be subjected to dry distillation, and thelignite subjected to dry distillation burns in the hearth. The dry distillation circulating fluidized bed boiler has the advantages that dry distillation of the lignite is combined with a circulatingfluidized bed boiler, and therefore the dry distillation cost of the lignite can be lowered, the lignite can be enabled to burn in situ, and the high-efficiency utilization of the lignite can be realized; and high-temperature returning charges are fine in particle size, and therefore mixing and dry distillation of the high-temperature returning charges and the lignite can be facilitated, the drydistillation cost of the lignite can be greatly lowered, and the comprehensive benefit is high.