The invention relates to a pipeline cleaning robot. The robot comprises a propulsion device and a robot body, the propulsion device comprises a propulsion rod formed by a plurality of freely-detachable rod bodies, and one end of the propulsion rod is connected with the robot body; the robot body comprises a walking mechanism, a grinding device and a flushing device, and the grinding device is installed on the walking mechanism; the walking mechanism comprises a vehicle frame, and universal wheels arranged in the circumference of the vehicle frame, the universal wheels are in contact with the side wall of a pipeline, the grinding device comprises rolling wheels and serrated cutters fixed on the side walls of the rolling wheels, the rolling wheels are rotatably connected with the vehicle frame, the propulsion device is connected with the grinding device through the vehicle frame, the flushing device is used for flushing out wastes ground by the grinding device, and the flushing device comprises a high-pressure water jet. The robot is capable of achieving thorough cleaning of the pipeline.