The invention discloses a roadway surface layer displacement monitoring device which comprises a frame and a plurality of displacement sensors. The frame is parallel to the top of a roadway. A plurality of supporting rods are connected between one pair of opposite sides of the frame. The supporting rods are parallel to the other pair of opposite sides of the frame. The supporting rods can move inthe direction of the length of one pair of opposite sides of the frame. A plurality of fixing pieces capable of moving in the direction of the length of the supporting rod are arranged on each supporting rod. Each displacement sensor is connected to the corresponding supporting rod through one corresponding fixing piece. The displacement sensors are perpendicularly arranged between the top of theroadway and the frame. The measurement end of each displacement sensor makes contact with the top of the roadway. The displacement state of the surface layer of the roadway can be monitored within therange of one plane, monitoring is more comprehensive and complete compared with traditional single-point monitoring, the displacement rule of the surface layer of the roadway can be accurately analyzed, a safety anchor rod supporting form can be conveniently designed, and more safe guarantees are provided for miners.