The invention provides an interferometric phase filtering method based on a difference chart and compensation filtering. The interferometric phase filtering method comprises the steps of: firstly, extracting principal components of interferometric phases from an input interferometric phase image through frequency domain filtering based on the differential chart, so as to reduce density of interferometric fringes in the residual interferometric phase image and facilitate subsequent processing; and secondly, performing compensation filtering on the residual interferometric phase image, wherein compensation filtering adopts BM3D filtering taking a phase derivative variogram of the residual interferometric phase image as self-adaptive filtering parameters, and can better extract detail components of the interferometric phases. The interferometric phase filtering method comprises frequency domain filtering and space domain filtering, is suitable for processing the interferometric phases containing dense interferometric fringes, and can effectively filter out noise without destroying the continuity of the dense interference fringes.