The invention relates to a locomotive automatic-fuel-unloading control system and method and belongs to the field of railway locomotive reorganization. Automatic fuel unloading and storage during railway locomotive reorganization are achieved by receiving a remote signal. The locomotive automatic-fuel-unloading control system comprises a centralized control system PLC, a fuel conveying pipeline electric valve, a trestle operation column, a liquid level sensor, a variable-frequency control system, a fuel unloading pump, a pressure transmitter and a flow switch, wherein the centralized control system PLC regulates a command transmitted to the variable-frequency control system according to a pressure signal transmitted by the pressure transmitter; the centralized control system PLC regulatesa command transmitted to the variable-frequency control system according to according to a liquid level signal transmitted by the liquid level sensor; the centralized control system PLC controls the opening/closing of the fuel conveying pipeline electric valve and starts/turns off the variable-frequency control system according to a flow switch signal transmitted by the flow switch and a starting/turning-off signal transmitted by the trestle operation column.