The invention relates to an apparatus for producing high-purity petroleum sodium sulfonate from tailings of recycling waste mineral oil, which belongs to the field of refining chemical device. The apparatus is characterized by comprising a molecular distillation tower, a blending tank and an extraction apparatus, wherein the bottom of the molecular distillation tower is provided with a material inlet which is connected with the blending tank by virtue of a slag discharging pipe, and the slag discharging pipe is provided with a slag discharging valve; and the blending tank is connected with theextraction apparatus by virtue of a material outlet pipe and a material outlet valve. By adopting the apparatus, the production efficiency and the operation quality for producing the high-purity petroleum sodium sulfonate from the tailings of recycling the waste mineral oil can be improved.