The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace equipment, and particularly relates to an exhausting system for exhausting gaseous substances in a blast furnace wall. The system is connected to the furnace wall and used for exhausting gas or water vapor accumulated in the furnace wall. The exhausting system comprises at least one collecting and exhausting unit, wherein each collecting and exhausting unit is provided with a collecting pipeline; a first end end of each collecting pipeline extends into the blast furnace wall and used for collecting the gas or water vapor accumulatedin the blast furnace wall; a second end of each collecting pipeline communicates with or is connected to an exhausting mechanism. The system has the beneficial effects that the gas or water vapor accumulated in the blast furnace wall in the production process can be timely exhausted, so that the erosion rate of the gas or the water vapor to refractory materials in the furnace wall can be decreased, and as a result, the blast furnace wall cooling efficiency is improved.