The invention relates to a detection method of pollution on a membrane electrode in a solid polymer electrolyte water electrolytic cell. The method particularly includes the steps of: under a currentmode, performing voltage detection to the electrolytic cell and observing voltage step change; detecting the electrochemical AC impedance performance of the electrolytic cell, and by means of detection of the internal resistance of the electrolytic cell, observing whether the increasing amount of the internal resistance has significant step change or not, so that by means of the parameters, it isdetermined whether the performance attenuation of the electrolytic cell is caused by pollution or not. The detection method can accurately and effectively evaluate the pollution situation of the membrane electrode in the water electrolytic cell of the solid polymer electrolyte.