The embodiments of the application disclose a seismic data processing method and device. The method comprises the steps of carrying out the Hilbert transform on the original prestack seismic channel data to obtain the Hilbert data; determining a target wavelet corresponding to the original prestack seismic channel data; subtracting the target wavelet from the original prestack seismic channel datato obtain the residual seismic channel data; when the maximum value of the absolute value of the amplitude in the residual seismic channel data is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold value, taking the residual seismic channel data as the new original prestack seismic channel data, and generating a new target wavelet corresponding to the new original prestack seismic channel dataand the new residual seismic channel data until the maximum value of the absolute value of the amplitude in the new residual seismic channel data is less than the preset amplitude threshold value, superposing the new target wavelet and the target wavelet generated before the new target wavelet, and taking a superposition result as the target prestack seismic channel data. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the application, the resolution of the prestack seismic data can be improved.