The invention provides a heat meter durability test device and method. The heat meter durability test device comprises a constant-temperature hot water tank, a constant-temperature cold water tank, atest pipeline and a flow regulating pipeline which is formed by connecting a flow regulating valve and an electromagnetic flow meter in series, wherein the constant-temperature hot water tank is communicated with an inlet of the test pipeline through a first water outlet pipeline, and hot water is pumped into the test pipeline through a first variable-frequency water pump; an outlet of the test pipeline is communicated with the constant-temperature hot water tank through two parallel flow regulating pipelines separately so as to form a hot water test large circulation pipeline; a first thermometer and a first pressure transmitter are arranged at the inlet of the test pipeline, and a second pressure transmitter and a second pressure transmitter are arranged at the outlet of the test pipeline. Independent high-temperature water supply and low-temperature water supply are used, and four large circulation and small circulation pipelines are provided, so that requirements of different durability tests are met, valves can be automatically switched, energy is saved, and a detection instrument is protected.