The invention provides an insulating sleeve surface charge measuring device and system. The insulating sleeve surface charge measuring device comprises a supporting mechanism, a position adjusting device and a measuring device body; the supporting mechanism is used for being connected with a to-be-measured insulating sleeve; the measuring device body is used for measuring the surface charge amountand charge distribution of the to-be-measured insulating sleeve; the position adjusting device is arranged on the supporting mechanism, connected with the measuring device body and used for adjustingthe position of the measuring device body so that the measuring device body corresponds to all positions of the to-be-measured insulating sleeve. According to the insulating sleeve surface charge measuring device and system, the position of the measuring device body is adjusted through the position adjusting device so that the measuring device body can correspond to any position of the surface ofthe to-be-measured insulating sleeve, the measuring device body can measure the charge amount at any position on the surface of the to-be-measure insulating sleeve conveniently, the overall measurement of the surface charge amount of the insulating sleeve is achieved, the accuracy of measurement is effectively improved, and therefore the distribution of an electric field on the surface of a highvoltage sleeve can be accurately understood.