The invention discloses an angle and T1 simultaneous measurement method based on a hyperpolarized gas spectrum, and the method comprises the steps: collecting hyperpolarized gas; enabling a research object to obtain the hyperpolarized gas; fixing an excitation angle theta of a radio frequency pulse in one breath holding process, collecting a magnetic resonance spectrum of the hyperpolarized gas ofthe research object, and obtaining a free induction decay signal FID1 of the hyperpolarized gas of the research object in a variable repetition time TR1 and a free induction decay signal FID2 of thehyperpolarized gas of the research object in a fixed repetition time TR2; processing the FID1 and FID2 signals, and obtaining an actual excitation angle theta(r) of the radio frequency pulse and the spin-lattice relaxation time constant T1 of the hyperpolarized gas of the research object. According to the invention, the method can achieve the simultaneous obtaining of the angle and an analytical solution of T1, shortens the sampling time, reduces the requirements for hardware, is easy for engineering implementation, and is simple in data processing.