The invention provides a hydraulic variable-pitch low-voltage ride-through simulation system and a test method, and relates to the field of wind power generation tests. The hydraulic variable-pitch low-voltage ride-through test method comprises the following steps that a working condition simulator simulates the low-pressure operation state of a wind power generator set, and sends a low-voltage operation control instruction to a controller; the controller receives the low-voltage operation control instruction, and controls a hydraulic variable-pitch simulation assembly and a load simulation assembly to operate in a low-pressure operation state according to the low-pressure operation control command; a data acquisition system is used for acquiring actual operation parameters of the hydraulic variable-pitch simulation assembly in a low-pressure operation state, and sending the actual operation parameters to the controller; and according to the actual operation parameters, the controllerdetermines whether the low-voltage ride-through is successful or not. According to the technical scheme, damage to other equipment in a power grid and a wind power plant caused by low-voltage ride-through tests on the wind generating set can be avoided.