The invention discloses a dielectric matching layer-based solid-state plasma scanning antenna and a phase compensation method, and proposes a dielectric matching layer technology-based phase compensation method. A phase curve moves upwards or downwards to achieve 0-360 degree phase compensation by a mode that a matching layer is additionally arranged above a reflective array antenna unit to changeoptical path difference, if the phase curve does not confirm to 0-360 degrees, a medium with different thicknesses or different reflectivity can be used as the matching layer for phase compensation,and finally, the compensated array unit forms a reflective surface of the antenna by an arraying mode. A relation between a parameter and a phase compensation angle of the reflective array is built byan interpolation mode, solid-state plasma is employed to substitute metal to work and is implemented by an array comprising S-PIN units, the S-PIN units are isolated by an isolation layer, the S-PINunit array is controlled to be simulated by programmable logic arrays loaded at two ends, so that space scanning can be achieved by the planar reflective array antenna.