The invention discloses a network asset information acquisition system, which comprises a basic information collection module, an application component fingerprint collection module and a vulnerability perception module, wherein the basic information collection module is configured to discover a networking host to carry out fingerprint identification of a host operating system in order to detect an operation system type of a remote target host; the application component fingerprint collection module is configured to discover one or more pieces of application program or component fingerprint information in a version of a network application program or component, a service port and a protocol interaction feature; and the vulnerability perception module is configured to carry out perceptual analysis on the vulnerability of a network host and an application system in order to discover the vulnerabilities of the operating system, the service and the application component. According to the network asset information acquisition system, the security vulnerability of the information system can be accurately and reliably discovered, and an advantageous condition is provided for timely repairing the security vulnerability of the information system.