The invention relates to a high-speed CMOS linear array camera for machine vision. The linear array camera comprises a FPGA chip, a CMOS chip, a DDR2 chip, a FLASH chip and a PHY chip; a control scheduling module, an image correction module, a data access module, a data transceiving module, an image collection module, and a camera parameter access module are operated on the FPGA chip; the image correction module is mainly used for orderly performing corrections of dark signal non-uniformity and optical response non-uniformity on the collected image, thereby solving the problem that the existing linear array CMOS camera is non-uniform in image collection.