The invention belongs to the technical field of electric energy meter automation verification and provides a detecting device and method for positions of electric energy meters in turnover boxes. Thedetecting device comprises a turnover box aiding module, a laser emission module, a data collecting module and a deviation rectifying processing module. The turnover box aiding module is used for fixing the turnover boxes conveyed in a roller line to the preset positions; the laser emission module is used for generating laser beams and determining the distances between the laser emission module and the electric energy meters in the turnover boxes; the data collecting module is used for analyzing and judging whether the positions of the electric energy meters exceed the qualified range or not according to distance information between the laser emission module and the electric energy meters in the turnover boxes; and the deviation rectifying processing module is used for conducting deviationrectifying on the positions, exceeding the qualified range, of the electric energy meters. According to the detecting device and method for the positions of the electric energy meters in the turnoverboxes, occurrence of the fault of an automation verification system can be reduced, the verification efficiency of the automation verification system is improved, and accordingly, the measuring assetloss and occurrence of safety accidents are reduced.