The invention relates to a multi-machine combined type dust collection device and a dust removal method. A traditional dust collector has the disadvantages that when the moisture content of dust in smoke exceeds 25%, a bag is easily adhered and blocked by the dust, the dust is difficult to clean, the resistance is reduced, and the untimely damage is caused; and the traditional dust collector is unfit for the operation tasks at the low-temperature condition, and when the temperature of the smoke exceeds 260 DEG C, the smoke needs to be cooled, otherwise, a low-temperature filter bag of a bag type dust collector becomes unaccommodated. The multi-machine combined type dust collection device comprises a tank body (13), an air outlet system (15), shaking mechanism (14) and a lower pattern plate(12), wherein the tank body is connected with the lower pattern plate and the air outlet system respectively, the air outlet system is connected with the shaking mechanism, and the shaking mechanismis connected with the tank body. The dust removal method is applied to the dust collection device.