The invention discloses a parameter design method of a fiber grating vibration sensor. The method comprises the following steps: S1) setting natural frequency or sensitivity of the fiber grating vibration sensor; S2) selecting the type of an optical fiber, and obtaining Young's modulus of the optical fiber and cross-sectional area of the optical fiber; S3) obtaining an equivalent elastic coefficient of the fiber by adjusting the number and effective length of the fibers at the two sides of a base body; S4) according to the equivalent elastic coefficient of the fiber and combined with the natural frequency in the step S1), obtaining oscillator quality, or according to the effective length of the optical fiber engraved with a grating at one side of the base body in the S3) and combined withthe sensitivity obtained in the S1), obtaining the oscillator quality; and S5) according to the oscillator quality and other given or obtained parameter values, preparing the sensor, so that the sensor having the natural frequency or sensitivity is obtained. Through fiber grating strain sensitive characteristics, the fiber is regarded as a spring, and a brand new parameter design method of the fiber grating vibration sensor for measuring vibration is provided.