The invention discloses a wall-attached type ultrasonic sensor layout structure. The structure comprises a plurality of ultrasonic sensors arranged on the inner wall of an outer sleeve of a transformer, wherein the ultrasonic sensors are arranged in five rings, each ring comprises eight uniformly arranged ultrasonic sensors, the ultrasonic sensors located in the same ring have the same install inclination, the install inclination of the ultrasonic sensors in the first ring, the third ring and the fifth ring from top to bottom is an inclined upward angle of 5 degrees, and the install inclination of the ultrasonic sensors in the second ring and the fourth ring is an inclined downward angle of 5 degrees. According to the structure, defects in the prior art can be overcome, the medium betweenthe sensor array and a winding is just transformer oil, external interference is eliminated, and detection accuracy is greatly improved.