The invention discloses a rear-mounted magnetic-mirror field high-current ion acceleration tube. The rear-mounted magnetic-mirror field high-current ion acceleration tube comprises an external insulating magnetic ring, a grading ring and an internal inlet flange, an inlet beam-limiting conical cylinder, an ultra-thin heat tube, an acceleration electrode, shielding electrodes, weak correcting magnets, an outlet conical cylinder, a magnetic mirror apparatus and an outlet flange; the outer surface of the insulating magnetic ring is waveform and plated with glaze; the ultra-thin heat tube is arranged on the periphery of the inlet beam-limiting conical cylinder; the two shielding electrodes in the middle are provided with the weak correcting magnets respectively; and the magnetic mirror apparatus is mounted on the outlet flange. By virtue of the rear-mounted magnetic-mirror field high-current ion acceleration tube provided by the invention, the high-voltage ignition risk of the accelerationtube is lowered, and high-current ion beam acceleration stability is improved.