The invention provides a system and method for preparing materials with a negative resistivity current coefficient. The method comprises the following steps: S100, acquiring the mapping relation between the target negative resistivity current coefficient of materials to be prepared and the irradiation damage injection; S200, placing the materials to be prepared into an irradiation device, and irradiating the materials to be prepared by neutrons, heavy ions or proton sources; and S300, controlling the irradiation damage injection of the materials to be prepared according to the mapping relationso that the resistance materials with the target negative resistivity current coefficient are formed by the materials to be prepared. According to the method provided by the invention, by irradiationto low alloy steel with low cost, the resistance materials, with stable performance and high life reliability as well as the physical characteristic of the negative resistivity current coefficient, are prepared.