The invention discloses an ultralow-emission transformation inspection and acceptance method for a coal-fired unit. The method includes: determining a test project, selecting a test position, arranging test points and determining test content and a test method according to the ultralow-emission transformation scheme of the coal-fired unit to be inspected and accepted, extracting historical data key information, determining a selected instrument, performing data test and determination, and performing quantitative ultralow-emission transformation evaluation. The method has the advantages that the ultralow-emission transformation effect and environmental benefits of the coal-fired unit are evaluated accurately, and a basis is provided for the building of an environmental protection equipmentcredit file and environmental protection equipment credit rating evaluation mechanism by the evaluation standards of the method; the supplies of excellent projects which is good in operation effect and stable in performance according to the evaluation results can be considered in priority and referenced during national major engineering project bidding.