The invention discloses a fresh and live leech transfer barrel with an inflation device. By adopting the transfer barrel disclosed by the invention, a barrel neck is firstly opened, an isolating net of the transfer barrel is arranged, and then an inflation branch pipe is firmly connected with a degassing pipe; the degassing pipe is arranged in a pipe cover of the degassing pipe; a cover plate arranged at the upper end of the pipe cover of the degassing pipe; fresh and live leeches are catched and then put on the isolating net arranged on the inner side of the barrel body; the thickness required to put the fresh and live leeches is 60cm to 70cm, the barrel neck is buckled, and internally-built buckles are buckled firmly; and in a process of transferring the leeches, water bodies drained from the fresh and live leeches pass through the isolating net and enter into a water storage layer, inflation is carried out uninterruptedly through an inflation pipe in a running period, the fresh airis diffused in a leech layer through the pipe cover of the degassing pipe, and waste gas is exhausted through air-permeable micro-pores of a barrel cover, so that the phenomenon that the quality of the leeches is affected by dirty air of a storage part of the leeches is avoided, and transportation and processing of the leeches are convenient. By adopting the square barrel disclosed by the invention, distribution of a transportation barrel body is convenient, and the more leeches can be transported in a confined space; and moreover, the transfer barrel disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simpleness in design, convenience in use and good effect.