The invention discloses a biomarker for forecasting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma prognosis. A forecasting method comprises the following steps of screening of prognostic markers based on publiclarge data, verification of the prognostic markers and efficacy detection of the prognostic markers. The study discovers and verifies for the first time that an ANO1 binding MMP3 protein can be used as the biomarker for forecasting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma prognosis, the forecasting efficacy of the ANO1 binding MMP3 protein is equal to the forecasting efficacy of the eighth edition of TNM staging of clinically common prognosis forecasting by purely utilizing clinic information at present, and the accuracy of prognosis forecasting of a patient with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can be remarkably improved with combination use of the two methods. At the same time, the study discovers that an ANO1 gene highly expresses in cancer tissues of the patient with the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, expression increase of the ANO1 gene can promote proliferation, invasion and metastasis of the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and in vivo and in vitro progresses of the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can be remarkably inhibited by utilizing expression of an shRNA knockout ANO1 gene.