The invention discloses a power distribution network fault area identification method based on a network topology and distribution transformer power failure information. The method is characterized byunder a same time section, collecting power failure distribution transformer information and matching a topology line, and generating a power failure distribution transformer set corresponding to a power failure event; according to a medium-voltage line single line diagram, completing secondary composition; in the power failure distribution transformer set, randomly searching any one power failure distribution transformer in the power failure distribution transformer set, and searching a nearest switch which is connected to a main line and is adjacent to the power failure distribution transformer in a power supply upstream according to the selected power failure distribution transformer; studying and judging an adjacent nearest switch property; determining a line section power failure fault tolerance threshold X; using a section power failure assessment confidence index M to determine a section power failure state; and if the distribution transformers in the power failure distributiontransformer set are marked, according to a main trunk line, the connection sequence of each section and the power failure state of each section, studying and judging a power failure trip switch, andpushing switch information and the power failure distribution transformer information. In the invention, a power failure fault section in the power distribution network can be identified on a line which is not equipped with a distribution automation monitoring device.