The invention discloses stress-compensation waterproof elastic sealing gaskets for a shield tunnel segment joint. Each waterproof elastic sealing gasket comprises a sealing gasket main body, and is characterized in that each sealing gasket main body is an ethylene-propylene-diene monomer waterproof body, each ethylene-propylene-diene monomer waterproof body is internally provided with a pluralityof holes, and the holes are filled with CM sponge filling bodies. Before shield segments are spliced, the elastic sealing gaskets are pasted into segment waterproof embedding grooves. After the segments are spliced, the two adjacent elastic gaskets mutually extrude each other to cause compression deformation of the gaskets. The ethylene-propylene- diene monomer waterproof bodies can generate contact stress after being compressed and deformed, the two adjacent sealing gaskets are mutually attached and the sealing gaskets and the concrete are mutually attached so as to produce a waterproof sealing effect; and the CM sponge filling bodies generate internal expansion force to the ethylene-propylene- diene monomer waterproof bodies after being compressed and deformed, and the stress relaxationof the ethylene-propylene- diene monomer waterproof bodies under long-term pressure is compensated to ensure the long-term waterproof performance of the elastic sealing gaskets.