The invention discloses a micro-grid energy management distribution type multi-target cooperation optimization algorithm based on a potential game. The algorithm comprises the following steps of 1) micro-grid component unit modeling which includes a determination decision main body, a decision variable, a component constraint and multi-target modeling; 2) potential game modeling, wherein an incomefunction and a potential function are vector functions; and 3) based on the distributed game solving of the multi-target optimization algorithm, mainly using a multi-target evolutionary algorithm tosolve the pareto optimal solution set of the income function, and through distributed iteration, solving nash equilibrium. In the invention, a distributed multiagent decision optimization mode is adopted, a potential game theory possessing a distributed characteristic is combined, the expansion of a microgrid is easy to realize, local management and local decision making are realized too, system reliability and flexibility are increased, through a game mode, the distributed multi-target optimization is realized, the competition and cooperate relation of the microgrid and an individual is achieved, and individual interests are guaranteed and the overall benefits of the microgrid are maximized.