The invention discloses a distributed fiber sensor arrangement structure comprising a winding. A first optical fiber and a second optical fiber are arranged at the outer side of the winding. The firstoptical fiber is fixed on the winding through a mounting bracket. The second optical fiber is adhered to the winding by an insulating adhesive tape; and a thermal-insulation layer coats the outer side of the second optical fiber. The mounting rack includes a housing fixed at the winding; a support plate is coupled inside the housing; one end of the support plate is in contact with the winding andthe other end of the support plate is in contact with the first optical fiber; and the first optical fiber is fixed at the housing by two buckles. A plurality of fixed points are arranged at the second optical fiber; and two insulated adhesive tapes are fixed at each fixed point in an intersected manner. According to the invention, defects in the prior art are overcome; and the precision of the transformer winding detection by the fiber sensor is improved.