The invention relates to a wheel set protection device for an air cushion suspension transport vehicle, and relates to the technical field of industrial transportation vehicles. According to the wheelset protection device of the air cushion suspension transport vehicle, downwards pressing movements of a driving wheel mechanism and an auxiliary supporting mechanism are controlled through a wheel set pneumatic control valve set, combination bearing of the driving wheel mechanism, the auxiliary supporting mechanism and a bottom load-bearing strip is achieved, the problem of damage of a wheel setdue to direct bearing of the air cushion suspension transport vehicle is solved, the carrier-free transport form of the air cushion suspension transport vehicle is achieved, the using cost of the aircushion suspension transport vehicle is reduced, and the safety of the air cushion suspension transport vehicle is improved.