The invention relates to a cross dipole anisotropic rapid inversion method and system. The method comprises the steps that the data to be processed are preprocessed; the data to be processed include four-component data; the data to be processed are rotated so as to obtain the 45-degree azimuth angle phi with the fast transverse wave or slow transverse wave azimuth; the azimuth angle phi is utilized, and the theta is substituted in the rotation formula so as to obtain the fast transverse wave waveform and the slow transverse wave waveform when theta=phi+45 degrees is the fast transverse wave azimuth; the fast transverse wave waveform and the slow transverse wave waveform are used for fast and slow transverse wave slowness difference inversion, and the fast and slow transverse wave slownessdifference delta is obtained through the principle of waveform matching; and the slow transverse wave waveform array is used for slow transverse wave slowness inversion, and the slow transverse wave slowness s2 is obtained through the linear prediction theory. Three-parameter joint inversion is converted into stepwise inversion of three single parameters so that calculation of the objective function can be simplified, the singularity of inversion can be reduced, the inversion stability can be enhanced and the inversion speed can be enhanced.