The invention discloses a filter-pressing type sludge dewatering machine. The filter-pressing type sludge dewatering machine comprises a conveying draining device and an extruding water yielding device, wherein two rear meshed belts are arranged on the extruding water yielding device, sludge is sandwiched between the two rear meshed belts, 2 primary rollers and 5 secondary rollers are arranged onthe extruding water yielding device, the 5 secondary rollers comprise a front roller located forwards, two small rollers and two big rollers, a position, coated by the corresponding rear meshed belt,above each big roller is abutted against a suppressing device, pumping devices are separately arranged at outer sides of the two rear meshed belts in front of/behind each suppressing device, each pumping device comprises a suction pipe with an open end, the open ends of the suction pipes are opposite to outer sides of the rear meshed belts, and the open ends of the suction pipes are coated with flexible pads which are fit with the outer sides of the rear meshed belts. The filter-pressing type sludge dewatering machine is good in dewatering effect.