The invention provides a test system and a method for three-dimensional reconstruction and anchoring of the rigid structural plane of a natural rock mass. The system transmits high-precision point cloud data of the forms of rock mass surfaces at two sides of the rigid structure of a rock sample, scanned by a laser scanning device, to a three-dimensional printer; a raw material slurry is prepared by using a ball milling crusher and a solid-liquid mixer; the three-dimensional printer adopts the raw material slurry to make a green rock with the rock mass surfaces at two sides of the rigid structural plane of the rock sample having the same form and being provided with preset through holes; a dumping device discharges and cures a superfluous resin binder in the green rock; and a high temperature calcination device calcines the cured green rock to make an anchored rock. The system and method allow natural structural plane form-containing artificial rock samples having completely same geometric forms and mechanical properties to be made in batches, meet the requirements of multi-time repeated test of the same structural plane, and reduce the discreteness of test data.