The invention discloses a method for preparing a steel-aluminum composite board through an electromagnetic induction heating and rolling process. The method for preparing the steel-aluminum compositeboard through the electromagnetic induction heating and rolling process comprises the steps of S1, surface pre-treatment of a board; S2, blank assembling and fixing, specifically, after a steel plateand an aluminum plate are stacked, a gasket is placed between the steel plate and the aluminum plate to reserve a gap, and the steel plate and the aluminum plate are fixed with rivets; S3, induction heating of an assembled blank, specifically, the temperature of the steel plate can be rapidly increased to 750-1000 DEG C under the effect of vortex heating of a ferromagnetic material, the temperature of the aluminum plate is increased to 100-300 DEG C, and thus, a temperature difference over 500 DEG C is generated between the steel plate and the aluminum plate; S4, rolling, specifically, the heated blank is conveyed into a rolling machine; and S5, annealing and straightening. According to the method for preparing the steel-aluminum composite board through an electromagnetic induction heatingand rolling process, the requirement for the capacity of the rolling machine is greatly lowered, the deformation rate of a steel-aluminum rolling composite critical surface is greatly decreased, andcooperative deformation of steel and aluminum is achieved; and the obtained steel-aluminum composite board has good bending resistance and high bonding performance, the work hardening of the steel-aluminum composite board is greatly reduced, and the subsequent machinability is improved.