The invention discloses a domestic wastewater treatment method based on GY-2 type water treatment filler. The method comprises the steps as follows: a reactor is filled with the GY-2 type water treatment filler to form a filter bed; domestic wastewater is distributed from the upper side of the filter bed, so that the wastewater passes through the filter bed. The GY-2 type water treatment filler comprises a main material and an auxiliary material; the main material is obtained from a fermented product of waste organic matter and a carbon-containing raw material in an anaerobic environment through composting; the auxiliary material is prepared from agricultural and forestry residues through fermentation; the mass ratio of the main material to the auxiliary material is (30-40):100. The methodcan effectively treat organic wastewater to realize targeted treatment of different wastewater and has the advantages that blockage cannot be caused easily, the service life is long, the cost is lowand the like. The invention also provides a treatment device of the organic wastewater. The device comprises a reactor, a water distribution pipe, a mechanical ventilating pipe and a filter bed and ishigh in treatment efficiency.