The invention discloses a large-load elastic foil sheet gas bearing with self-adaptive regulating ability. The large-load elastic foil sheet gas bearing comprises a bottom-layer foil sheet and a top-layer foil sheet which are aligned at two sides, wherein one end of the bottom-layer foil sheet and one end of the top-layer foil sheet are welded on the side surface of a semi-cylindrical pin by laserspot-welding; the bottom-layer foil sheet, the top-layer foil sheet and the semi-cylindrical pin are inserted into a bearing base and a circular slot below the bearing base as an integer, and abut against the table board at one end of the bearing base; the other end of the bearing base is connected with an end plate; a plurality of axial through slots are distributed at the outer side of the bearing base; each axial through slot is distributed with a plurality of threaded holes; each threaded hole is equipped with a connecting part which consists of an open slot flat-end fastening bolt, a hexagonal nut and a spring gasket; T-shaped through slots which correspond to the axial through slots are formed inside the bearing base; a T-shaped pressure block is mounted in each T-shaped through slot, and a rubber cushion tightly covers outside the T-shaped pressure block; a gap is formed between the semi-cylindrical pin and the bearing base, so that self-adaptive regulating ability is providedwhen a rotor is started; and the positions, relative to the bearing base, of the T-shaped pressure block and the rubber sleeves are regulated, so that a large-load working condition can be adapted.