The invention discloses an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly dyeing process, and relates to the technical field of cheese and warp beam dyeing and similar dyeing production. A dyeing beam isfirstly fixed in an inner cavity of a main cylinder through a creel and a creel base plate, and then is subjected to pretreatment, dyeing and post-treatment in sequence. According to the energy-savingand environmentally-friendly dyeing process, a water squeezing process is added at the last stage of dyeing; the moisture content of yarn is reduced to the maximum extent as much as possible by use of a pressure difference formed between the inside and the outside of the creel, that is, high-concentration dyeing liquid contained in the yarn is reduced as much as possible, so as to reduce the liquid rate and enhance the washing effect of washing and removing a dye from the surface of the yarn during post-treatment. The water squeezing process is added after washing or high-temperature washing,so that the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly dyeing process is applicable to a dyeing mode such as a cheese and a warp beam, and can fulfill the aims of reducing the consumption of compressed air, reducing the use amount of steam and reducing the use amount of water for dyeing post-treatment; therefore, energy conservation, consumption reduction, discharging reduction and environmentalprotection are achieved.