The invention relates to a waste gas treatment device and more specifically relates to an efficient and environment-friendly type waste gas treatment device. The efficient and environment-friendly type waste gas treatment device comprises a gas filtering pipe, a gas pipe inserting cover, a semicircular brush sleeve, a sliding filtering plate, a spring and an adsorption box, wherein the gas pipe inserting cover is fixedly connected onto the left end of the gas filtering pipe; the right end of the gas pipe inserting cover is located in the gas filtering pipe; the semicircular brush sleeve is insliding connection between the gas filtering pipe and the gas pipe inserting cover; the sliding filtering plate is connected into the gas pipe inserting cover in a sliding manner; the spring is arranged between the gas pipe inserting cover and the sliding filtering plate; the adsorption box is fixedly connected onto the lower end of the gas filtering pipe. According to the efficient and environment-friendly type waste gas treatment device provided by the invention, when waste gas is introduced into the gas filtering pipe and the waste gas is not introduced into the gas filtering pipe, an innerwall of the gas filtering pipe is scrubbed and brushed, so that a condition that impurities are adsorbed on a semicircular-arc filtering screen to corrode the semicircular-arc filtering screen is avoided, filtering holes in the semicircular-arc filtering screen are effectively prevented from being blocked and the service life of the semicircular-arc filtering screen can be extremely prolonged; the semicircular-arc filtering screen is prevented from being blocked and the waste gas filtering and treatment efficiency is ensured.