The invention discloses an intelligent solar water heater system and a control method based on single chip microcomputer control. The intelligent solar water heater system comprises a water supply end, a user end and a single chip microcomputer control system. A hot water tank and a cold water tank are arranged on the water supply end, and one or a plurality of buffer water tanks which are in one-to-one correspondence to a water outlet end are arranged on the user end, so that on one hand, hot water in the hot water tank and cold water in the cold water tank can be mixed so as to adjust the temperature in the buffer water tanks first and then are supplied to the water outlet end, a user can quickly use hot water at the stable temperature, and severe water temperature fluctuation is effectively avoided when the user uses the hot water, and on the other hand, the requirements of multiple users on the hot water at different temperatures in different environments can be satisfied. In addition, the single chip microcomputer control system is arranged, so that the water temperature and water level of the hot water tank and the water temperature and water level of the buffer water tanks can be automatically monitored and adjusted, the intelligent control over a solar water heater is realized, the manual operation frequency is reduced, and the operation and the complexity in use are simplified.