The invention discloses a traffic zone population characteristic estimation method based on signaling data. The method comprises the following steps of 1, acquiring resident users within a service range of each mobile phone base station based on signaling data of a mobile phone; 2, matching the acquired resident user information with user information of an operator, thus acquiring personal information of the resident users in a coverage range of each mobile phone base station; and 3, converting the personnel information of the resident users corresponding to the mobile phone base station acquired in the step 2 into characteristic information of the resident users of a traffic zone. According to the method provided by the invention, the mobile network operator data can be used for acquiringthe traffic zone population characteristic information needed by a traffic plan without using additional equipment.