The invention discloses an electrolytic hydrogen production control method and device. The electrolytic hydrogen production control method comprises the steps of acquiring electricity generation output power; when the electricity generation output power is larger than a preset start threshold value, starting any electrolytic cell for carrying out electrolytic hydrogen production; when the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell reaches to first preset power, keeping the input power of the currently started electrolytic cell to be the first preset power, and distributing the restelectricity generation output power to the next electrolytic cell so as to start the electrolytic cell for carrying out electrolytic hydrogen production. According to the electrolytic hydrogen production control method and the device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the electrolytic cell is controlled through the start threshold value and the first preset power so as to be started atthe small input power and carry out electrolytic hydrogen production, and only the input power of a single electrolytic cell needs to be kept above the start threshold value or more, so that the electrolytic cell can be prevented from being shut down, and the start and stop times of the electrolytic cell is favorably reduced.