The invention discloses a model predictive control-based energy storage system secondary regulation strategy. An existing frequency and voltage secondary regulation scheme is generally controlled by PI; when a load fluctuates, a frequency cannot be stabilized at a reference frequency value, and transient responses of the frequency and voltage are relatively slow. The technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, deducing an inverter of an energy storage system and a state space model of a control procedure of the inverter; secondly, building a forecasting model for an angular frequency and voltage; then, obtaining control variables of the angular frequency and the voltage through rolling optimization and feedback correction; finally, respectively addingthe control variables of the angular frequency and the voltage into active power/angular frequency control and reactive power/voltage drop control to recover the frequency to a reference value and realize accurate proportion distribution of reactive power. The model predictive control-based energy storage system secondary regulation strategy disclosed by the invention makes frequency and voltage transient responses quickly and is high in control precision and high in practicability.