The invention discloses a portable reverse cooling and dedusting integrated device, belongs to the field of cutting machining, and relates to a portable cooling and dedusting device capable of drilling structure parts of large curvature. The portable reverse cooling and dedusting integrated device is composed of six parts, namely a threaded drilling sleeve, a device main body, a sealing cover, multi-directional supporting and fixing structures, a negative pressure dust treatment part and a cooling liquid spraying part. The multi-directional supporting and fixing structures are symmetrically and uniformly distributed and composed of universal adjusting feet and angle adjusting mechanisms. The angle adjusting mechanisms are composed of positioning lifting lugs, fastening bolts and positioning bolts, wherein the positioning lifting lugs, the fastening bolts and the positioning bolts mutually cooperate to achieve angle changing and foot end fixing of the multi-directional supporting and fixing structures. The negative pressure dust treatment part is composed of a dust sucking connector, a dust sucking guiding pipe, a negative pressure dust collector and a collecting device. The portable reverse cooling and dedusting integrated device integrates the functions of dust sucking, reverse cooling, portability, quick station changing and the like, machining vibration of a long cutter is effectively reduced, independent change of the angles and lengths of the supporting structures is achieved, and complex structural surfaces can be positioned and machined in a high quality mode.