The invention discloses a transfer box for sewage purification and detection. The transfer box comprises a box body, a separator is fixedly connected between the two opposite sides of the inner wall of the box body, a device box is fixedly connected with one side of the surface of the box body, damping devices are fixedly connected with the two opposite sides of the inner wall of the box body respectively, and an internal box is fixedly connected with the tops of the damping devices through rotary shafts. First fixing bases are fixedly connected with the bottom of the inner wall of the internal box, the centers of the first fixing bases are rotationally connected with first sliding bases through first connection rods respectively, the tops of the first sliding bases are slidably connectedwith test tube placement racks respectively, and the two sides of the top of each test tube placement rack are fixedly connected with clamping devices respectively. Test tube fixing holes are formed in the tops of the test tube placement racks, the inner walls of the test tube fixing holes are fixedly connected with compression devices, and the tops of the test tube placement racks are fixedly connected with light emitting diodes. The invention relates to the technical field of sewage detection. The transfer box for sewage detection solves the problem about oscillation and quality guaranty ofsewage samples in the transportation process, and the detection work efficiency is improved.