The invention discloses an agricultural high efficiency trench-digging fertilizing device. The agricultural high efficiency trench-digging fertilizing device comprises a vehicle body; the front end and the back end of the vehicle body are provided with a front travelling wheel and a back travelling wheel respectively; a fertilizer box used for storing fertilizer is fixedly arranged on the vehiclebody; one side of the fertilizer box is fixedly provided with a material feeding box; a feeding auger is arranged in the material feeding box; the feeding auger is driven by a feeding motor; the bottom of the fertilizer box is communicated with the material feeding box through a material blanking channel; the bottom of the material feeding box is designed to stretch out the bottom of the vehicle body. The beneficial effects are that: in vehicle body travelling process, a trench digging colter is adopted for trench digging of soil, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box enters into the material feeding box through the material blanking channel, and falls into formed trenches from the material feeding box; a material sweeping head is adopted for dispersing of the fertilizer falls into the trenches, so that the trenches are filled with the fertilizer, and uniform dispersion of the fertilizer in the trenches is realized; no artificial fertilization is needed; the whole structure is simple; and operation is convenient.