The invention discloses a thermoelectricity load distribution method and system based on multi-factor influences; the method comprises the following steps: calculating a unit set heat rate curve function; building a unit set mathematics model; building a simulator according to the unit set mathematics model, and obtaining heat rate deviation curve functions under various conditions; obtaining a complete heat rate deviation curve function set according to the heat rate deviation curve functions under various conditions; calculating thermoelectricity load distribution according to the unit set heat rate curve function and the heat rate deviation curve function set. A conventional method uses the heat rate deviation correction curve provided by a manufacturer for correction, thus causing limitations; the thermoelectricity load distribution method can solve said problems, and uses a massive data simulation mode to obtain the heat rate deviation curve function set, thus finally realizing more accurate thermoelectricity load distribution calculation.