The invention relates to a meteorological data monitoring system of a high-voltage alternating-current electric transmission line. The meteorological data monitoring system comprises multiple collection terminals and a display terminal; the collection terminals comprise shells, supports, meteorological induction modules, cameras, wireless transmission modules, GPS modules and power supply modules;the shells are fixed to the tops of supporting columns of the electric transmission line through the supports, the wireless transmission modules, the GPS modules and the power supply modules are allmounted in the shells, the cameras and the meteorological induction modules are all mounted on the shells, the GPS modules and the meteorological induction modules are all connected with the display terminal through the wireless transmission modules, and the power supply modules are connected with the high-voltage alternating-current electric transmission line to achieve power supply. Compared with the prior art, meteorological monitoring can be conducted on all important regions of the high-voltage alternating-current electric transmission line according to requirements so that all regions ofthe electric transmission line can be located inside the monitoring range of the system, monitoring dead zones can be covered, and the meteorological data monitoring system provides powerful safeguard for the safety and stability of the electric transmission line.