The invention relates to a secret key management method and a secret key management system. The secret key management method comprises the following steps: a step of generating a to-be-decomposed private key, generating the to-be-decomposed private key (SKS1, SKE)) by an identification secret key management system; a step of decomposing, decomposing the to-be-decomposed private key into a first private subkey (d1) and a second private subkey (d2) by the identification secret key management system; a step of distributing the private subkeys, respectively distributing the first private subkey and the second private subkey securely to a user terminal and a joint administration party by the identification secret key management system; and a step of obtaining the private subkeys, respectively performing secure storage after receiving the first private subkey and the second private subkey by the user terminal and the joint administration party, wherein the first private subkey and the secondprivate subkey are stored for follow-up secret key usage operations, such as signing and encryption. According to the method and the system provided by the invention, since the secret key cannot appear completely at any party, namely, any party taking participate in operation cannot get the complete secret key, an attacker cannot realize administration to the secret key even if the attacker hijacks one of the parties.