The invention provides a vertical cooling machine discharging control method and device. A plurality of groups of discharging ports are formed in the lower end of a vertical cooling machine, and a first temperature detection device and a second temperature detection device are sequentially arranged above each group of discharging ports from top to bottom. The method comprises the following steps that a first temperature value is acquired, wherein the first temperature value is the temperature value detected by the first temperature detection device corresponding to the current group of discharging ports; a second temperature value is acquired, wherein the second temperature value is the temperature value detected by the second temperature detection device corresponding to the current group of discharging ports; and according to the first temperature value, the second temperature value, the preset temperature rule and the preset time rule, discharging control is carried out on the current group of discharging ports, or, the next group of discharging ports are switched for discharging so as to achieve in-turn discharging of the multiple groups of discharging ports. According to themethod and the device, by controlling in-turn discharging of the multiple discharging ports, a material surface is uniformly descended, then partial material stacking is avoided, the discharging process is optimized, and the production efficiency is improved.