The invention discloses an experiment teaching tool for coal mining simulation in a process of civil engineering. The experiment teaching tool includes a simulation experiment platform (1), a reservoir simulation system (2), an intelligent uniform distribution loading system, a real-time monitoring system and an intelligent aggregate loading and pressing system. The simulation experiment platform(1) includes the reservoir simulation system (2) and a plurality of rock layers arranged above and below the reservoir simulation system (2). The reservoir simulation system (2) includes a dam body simulation system (3) and a coal layer simulation system (4) arranged inside the dam body simulation system (3). The coal layer simulation system (4) is formed by n coal layer simulation water bags arranged sequentially from left to right. According to the design of the experiment teaching too, a reservoir dam body having enclosing properties is adopted without affecting similarity simulation research, and further understanding about the capacity of an underground reservoir, growth of diversion fissure zones or the like can be obtained.